Les pratiques informationnelles des chercheurs

Contenus

• Ensuring the long-term accessibility of scholarly blogs: Bloggers’ attitudes and practices
  Introduction. This study explores the integration of scholarly blogs into digital research and information infrastructures, focusing on the attitudes and practices of German scholarly bloggers regarding the long-term accessibility of their blogs. Method and Analysis. We conducted 13 semi-structured interviews with scholarly bloggers. The interview transcripts were coded in MAXQDA 24 using a qualitative thematic approach. Results. Findings reveal that participants recognise the importance of making their blogs long-term accessible and express a desire for their integration into existing digital infrastructures. However, they also face organisational challenges and varying levels of engagement in preservation practices, ranging from obtaining formal identifiers like ISSNs and DOIs to relying on individual strategies such as local backups. Conclusions. This study emphasizes the need for clearer guidelines and support systems to facilitate the long-term accessibility of scholarly blogs. While bloggers generally recognise the importance of long-term accessibility, digital research and information infrastructures do not yet sufficiently offer solutions for bloggers.
• An exploratory survey about using ChatGPT in education, healthcare, and research
  ChatGPT is the first large language model (LLM) to reach a large, mainstream audience. Its rapid adoption and exploration by the population at large has sparked a wide range of discussions regarding its acceptable and optimal integration in different areas. In a hybrid (virtual and in-person) panel discussion event, we examined various perspectives regarding the use of ChatGPT in education, research, and healthcare. Materials and methods We surveyed in-person and online attendees using an audience interaction platform (Slido). We quantitatively analyzed received responses on questions about the use of ChatGPT in various contexts. We compared pairwise categorical groups with a Fisher’s Exact. Furthermore, we used qualitative methods to analyze and code discussions. Results We received 420 responses from an estimated 844 participants (response rate 49.7%). Only 40% of the audience had tried ChatGPT. More trainees had tried ChatGPT compared with faculty. Those who had used ChatGPT were more interested in using it in a wider range of contexts going forwards. Of the three discussed contexts, the greatest uncertainty was shown about using ChatGPT in education. Pros and cons were raised during discussion for the use of this technology in education, research, and healthcare. Discussion There was a range of perspectives around the uses of ChatGPT in education, research, and healthcare, with still much uncertainty around its acceptability and optimal uses. There were different perspectives from respondents of different roles (trainee vs faculty vs staff). More discussion is needed to explore perceptions around the use of LLMs such as ChatGPT in vital sectors such as education, healthcare and research. Given involved risks and unforeseen challenges, taking a thoughtful and measured approach in adoption would reduce the likelihood of harm.
• Transparency in research: An analysis of ChatGPT usage acknowledgment by authors across disciplines and geographies
  This investigation systematically reviews the recognition of generative AI tools, particularly ChatGPT, in scholarly literature. Utilizing 1,226 publications from the Dimensions database, ranging from November 2022 to July 2023, the research scrutinizes temporal trends and distribution across disciplines and regions. U.S.-based authors lead in acknowledgments, with notable contributions from China and India. Predominantly, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, as well as Information and Computing Sciences, are engaging with these AI tools. Publications like “The Lancet Digital Health” and platforms such as “bioRxiv” are recurrent venues for such acknowledgments, highlighting AI’s growing impact on research dissemination. The analysis is confined to the Dimensions database, thus potentially overlooking other sources and grey literature. Additionally, the study abstains from examining the acknowledgments' quality or ethical considerations. Findings are beneficial for stakeholders, providing a basis for policy and scholarly discourse on ethical AI use in academia. This study represents the inaugural comprehensive empirical assessment of AI acknowledgment patterns in academic contexts, addressing a previously unexplored aspect of scholarly communication.
• Exploring the Usage of ChatGPT in Higher Education: Frequency and Impact on Productivity
  This research aims to gain a deeper understanding of the views and rationality of lecturers in using ChatGPT in learning by explaining how lecturers use it in learning and their reasons for choosing or not choosing the technology. In this study, lecturers will be interviewed and asked to share their experiences and views on it. The data collected will be analyzed and interpreted to gain a deeper understanding of how the use of ChatGPT affects learning and why lecturers choose or do not choose the technology. In the interview results, ChatGPT helps users in finding information, ideas, translating texts, and providing alternative questions to deepen the understanding of the material. It is important to consider and verify information with more reliable and accurate sources. The use of ChatGPT in learning can be an interesting and effective alternative, but users also need to remain critical and selective in utilizing it. In further research, more interviews and case studies need to be conducted to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the use of ChatGPT in learning. Although ChatGPT has limitations, respondents consider its use to improve productivity and learning efficiency. Therefore, the use of ChatGPT can be considered as an attractive alternative in learning, while maintaining a critical approach in utilizing it and verifying the information provided.
• Use of ChatGPT in academia: Academic integrity hangs in the balance
  In today’s academic world, some academicians, researchers and students have begun employing Artificial Intelligence (AI) language models, e.g., ChatGPT, in completing a variety of academic tasks, including generating ideas, summarising literature, and essay writing. However, the use of ChatGPT in academic settings is a controversial issue, leading to a severe concern about academic integrity and AI-assisted cheating, while scholarly communities still lack clear principles on using such innovation in academia. Accordingly, this study aims to understand the motivations driving academics and researchers to use ChatGPT in their work, and specifically the role of academic integrity in making up adoption behavior. Based on 702 responses retrieved from users of ResearchGate and Academia.edu, we found that ChatGPT usage is positively shaped by time-saving feature, e-word of mouth, academic self-efficacy, academic self-esteem, and perceived stress. In contrast, peer influence and academic integrity had a negative effect on usage. Intriguingly, academic integrity-moderated interactions of time-saving, self-esteem and perceived stress on ChatGPT usage are found to be significantly positive. Therefore, we suggest that stakeholders, including academic institutions, publishers and AI language models’ programmers, should work together to specify necessary guidelines for the ethical use of AI chatbots in academic work and research.
• Science blogging: an exploratory study of motives, styles, and audience reactions
  This paper presents results from three studies on science blogging, the use of blogs for science communication. A survey addresses the views and motives of science bloggers, a first content analysis examines material published in science blogging platforms, while a second content analysis looks at reader responses to controversial issues covered in science blogs. Bloggers determine to a considerable degree which communicative function their blog can realize and how accessible it will be to non-experts Frequently readers are interested in adding their views to a post, a form of involvement which is in turn welcomed by the majority of bloggers.
• Hypotheses : l’inscription d’une pratique de communication dans l’activité de recherche
  En croisant deux approches, qualitative et quantitative, sur les discours et les pratiques des auteurs de carnets de recherche sur « Hypotheses.org » concernant la publication et la citation, nous montrons que les billets ne sont pas écrits pour remplacer les articles scientifiques classiques. Neuf logiques distinctes nous semblent décrire la manière dont les carnetières et les carnetiers interrogés s’investissent dans les carnets de recherche : logique d’élaboration, de mise en lien, de partage d’idées, de publication, d’édition, d’information, de pédagogie et de vulgarisation, de valorisation et d’éditorialisation de soi. L’écriture sur les carnets de recherche apparaît alors comme une pratique de communication directement reliée à l’activité de recherche, dont les effets sont loin d'être marginaux. À l’instar de ceux que produit la vulgarisation sur le chercheur, ils ne peuvent être quantifiés simplement, et ne s’expriment pas en termes de retour direct, facilement saisissable. Il faut pour les mesurer articuler traces, discours et contextes de l’appropriation de la pratique de carnetier. , Combining two qualitative and quantitative approaches, based on discourses and practices of the authors of "Hypotheses.org" research notebooks about publication and quotation, we show that blog posts are not written to replace the classical scientific articles. Nine distinct logics seem to describe the investment of each bloggers in their blogs : logic “set up”, , “linking”,”idea sharing”, ‘publication, edition, information’, ‘pedagogy and science popularization’, ‘valorization and self editorialization’ Writing on a research blog appears as a straighforward communication practice about the research activity, with far from marginal effects. These effects can not be simply quantified, as ones produced by science popularization about the researcher. They do not express in terms of direct feedback, easily grasped. It is necessary to measure their marks and data, to analyze speeches and contexts of the appropriation of research blogging.
• I am a blogging researcher: Motivations for blogging in a scholarly context
• Scientists Enter the Blogosphere
• Information-seeking behavior and the use of online resources: a snapshot of current health sciences faculty
• ChatGPT "contamination": estimating the prevalence of LLMs in the scholarly literature
  The use of ChatGPT and similar Large Language Model (LLM) tools in scholarly communication and academic publishing has been widely discussed since they became easily accessible to a general audience in late 2022. This study uses keywords known to be disproportionately present in LLM-generated text to provide an overall estimate for the prevalence of LLM-assisted writing in the scholarly literature. For the publishing year 2023, it is found that several of those keywords show a distinctive and disproportionate increase in their prevalence, individually and in combination. It is estimated that at least 60,000 papers (slightly over 1% of all articles) were LLM-assisted, though this number could be extended and refined by analysis of other characteristics of the papers or by identification of further indicative keywords.
• Blogger seul ou à plusieurs sur Hypotheses.org : une étude à partir de l’entropie des carnets